A doctor will make a diagnosis of PE using a similar approach to diagnosing a DVT. Step 1 involves asking questions, assessing clinical signs and then completing a clinical decision rule. Step 2 is performing a D-dimer test, and Step 3 involves imaging the lungs to see if a clot can be seen.
The following imaging tests are used to diagnose PE:
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Spiral computed tomography (CT) scan. Doctors use this test to look for blood clots in the lungs and legs. Dye is injected into a vein to make the blood vessels visible on X-ray image. This test allows doctors to detect PE in most patients. The test only takes a few minutes. Results are available shortly after the scan is completed.
- Ventilation–perfusion lung scan (VQ scan). Doctors use this test to detect PE. The VQ scan uses a radioactive material to show how well oxygen and blood are flowing to all areas of the lungs.
